IBM Announces Modular Cryogenic System Architecture for Quantum Cooling
IBM announced a new modular cryogenic architecture to cool future superconducting quantum processors at larger scale. Instead of isolated cylindrical cryostats, the approach uses box-shaped cryogenic cells, each with its own vacuum chamber, cooling hardware, and thermal shielding. The design is positioned as a foundational step toward IBM Quantum Starling, targeted for 2029 fault-tolerant operation.